Buddhism And Jainism Notes

Buddhism and Jainism are ancient religions that developed during the days of Ancient India. Buddhism is based on the teachings of Gautama Buddha, while Jainism is based on the teachings of Mahavira

Buddhism Notes

Founder – Lord Buddha

Buddhism

Lord Buddha –

Real nameSiddharth
Birth PlaceLumbini, Nepal
Birth Time561 BC
MotherMahamaya
FatherSudhodhan
wifeYashodhra
SonRahul
HorseKanthak
CharioteerChanna
1st guru/ TeacherAlar Kalam
2nd guru/ TeacherRudra Ramputra
Age of leaving home29 years
Foster motherPrajapati Gautami
Buddhism Notes

NOTE – His father was head of “SHAKYA” clan.

NOTE – Prajapati Gautami was his foster mother hence he is also known as “Gautam Buddh”

4 great events of Buddha’s life –

  1. Old person
  2. Sick person
  3. Dead person
  4. Sanyasi / Monk

Enlightenment –

Age35
PlaceBodhgaya
RiverNiranjan/ Falgu
1st sermonSarnath (UP)
Last sermonSubhadra, Kushinagar (UP)

4 nobel truths of Buddha’s life –

  1. Sorrow
  2. Cause of sorrow
  3. Prevention of sorrow
  4. Sorrow prevention gamini pratipada

Symbols of Buddha’s life –

EventSymbol
BirthLotus
YoungBull
Home leftHorse
EnlightenmentBodhi tree
1st sermonWheel
DeathStupa

Triratna of Buddhism –

  1. Buddha
  2. Dhamma
  3. Sangha

Buddhist Councils –

1st Buddhist Council –

Time483BC
PlaceRajagriha , Bihar
ChairmanMahakashyap
KingAjatshatru

NOTE – 1st Buddhist Council was held after the death of Buddha.

2nd Buddhist Council –

Time383BC
PlaceVaishali, Bihar
ChairmanSabbakami
KingKalashoka / Kakavarsha

3rd Buddhist Council –

Time250/251 BC
PlacePatliputra
ChairmanMogliputra Tissa
KingAshoka

4th Buddhist Council –

Time100/98 AD
PlaceKundalvan, Kashmir
PlaceVasumitra
KingKanishka

Buddhist Literature –

  • Buddhist literature is written in “Pali” language.
  • There are 3 main literatures in Buddhism, which are called “Tripitak”
Pitak / LiteratureAuthorAbout
Vinay PitakUpaliRules & regulations for Buddhist monks
Sutta PitakAnandSermons of Buddha & his students
Abhidhamma PitakMogliputra TissaPhilosophy

Other literature –

  • Jatak ( Before birth of Buddha)
  • Deep Vansha
  • Maha Vansha

Sections of Buddhism –

Buddhism is divided into 2 sections

Hinyana –
  • Buddha was considered a normal person
  • It is believed that enlightenment can be achieved individually
Mahayana –
  • Buddha was considered as god
  • It is believed that enlightenment can be achieved only with the help of Buddha

Name of major events of Buddha’s life –

EventName
Home leftMahabhiniskraman
1st sermonDhamma Chakra Parivartan
DeathMahaparinirvana

Death of Buddha –

Time483 BC
PlaceKushinagar (UP)
ReasonA prson named “CHUND” gave him pork and after eating it he died

Jainism Notes

Meaning of word Jain is “winner”.

Founder – Rishabhdev

Total Teerthankars – 24

1st TeerthankarRishabhdev
22th TeerthankarAristhanemi
23rd TeerthankarParshavnath
24th TeerthankarMahaveer Swami

NOTE – The 1st evidence of Jainism is found in the Indus Valley Civilization , Mohonjodaro)

Parshavnath –

  • 23rd Teerthankar
  • He was the son of “king Ashwsen”, the king of Kashi.

4 Mahavrats of Parshavnath –

  • Truth
  • Non – violence
  • Astey (Not to steal)
  • Aparigrah (Not to collect property)

Mahaveer Swami –

Teerthankar24th
Real nameVardhman
Birth540 BC
SymbolLion
Place of birthKundalgram, Vaishali (Bihar)
MotherTrishala
FatherSiddharth
WifeYashoda
DaughterPriyadarshna/ Anonja
Son – in – lawJamali
Home left30 years

Enlightenment –

Age42
PlaceJambhik village, under saal tree
RiverRijupalika

NOTE – The enlightenment of Mahaveer Swami is called “Kaivalya”

1st Sermon –

PlaceVipulanchal Hills, Rajgriha
1st pupilChanda
1st studentJamali

The 5th Mahavrat was added by Mahaveer swami in which he added “Brahmcharya” for monks of Jainism.

Jainism

Triratnas of Jainism –

  1. Right vision
  2. Right knowledge
  3. Right conduct

Literature of Jainism –

  • The jain literature is called “Aagam”
  • Jain literature is written in “Prakrit” language
Bhagwati SutraBiography of Mahaveer Swami
Achranga SutraRules & regulations of jain monk
Nayaydhammakaha SutraCollection of teachings of Mahaveer Swami

Jain councils –

1st Jain Council

Time300 BC
PlacePatliputra
ChairmanSthalbahu/ Sthul Bhadra
KingChandragupta Maurya

2nd Jain Council –

Time512 AD
PlaceVallabhi, Gujarat
Chairman Devardhikshamasharmana / Deverdhmani

Sections of Jainism –

The Jainism is divided into 2 sections

Digambara –

  • Badhrbahu was its leader
  • Monks used to live naked
  • Any change is not accepted
  • Aagam is not accepted
  • Enlightenment is not for females

Swetambara –

  • Sthulbahu was its leader
  • Monks wear white dress
  • Changes are accepted
  • Aagam is accepted
  • Females can also get enlightenment

 Jain Philosophy –

  1. Anekantvad
  2. Saptabhangniya
  3. Navism

Rulers who accepted Jainism –

KharvelKing of Kalinga
Chandragupta MauryaKing of Mauryan dynasty
AmoghVarsha King of Rashtrakuta dynasty
UdiyanKing of Haryanka dynasty
Jainism

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